A recent study shows that using dating apps may negatively impact body image, mental health, and overall well-being. While these platforms have helped millions find romantic partners, researchers found that frequent users often experience lower self-esteem and increased anxiety.
Globally, around 350 million people use dating apps, generating over US$5 billion in annual revenue. In Australia, nearly 49% of adults have used at least one dating app, with 27% having tried them in the past.
Despite their popularity, experts warn that constant exposure to curated profiles and the pressure to present an idealized version of oneself can contribute to body dissatisfaction and mental health challenges.
A systematic review of 45 studies has found a connection between dating app usage and negative effects on body image, mental health, and overall well-being.The research examined how dating apps influence self-perception, particularly regarding body size, shape, and attractiveness.
Most of the studies included in the review were published after 2020, primarily conducted in Western countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. While nearly half of the studies included participants of all genders, 44% focused exclusively on men, and only 7% examined women alone.
Out of the 45 studies, 29 explored the impact of dating apps on mental health, while 22 assessed their effects on body image, some addressing both aspects. Researchers analyzed both the differences between dating app users and non-users and the intensity of usage, including factors like frequency and number of apps used.
Most studies (19 out of 22) show that using dating apps is linked to negative body image. Nearly half (14 out of 29) also found a connection between dating app use and poor mental health.
Researchers found issues like body dissatisfaction, unhealthy eating habits, depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem.
However, there's a catch, most of these studies only looked at data from one point in time. This means they can’t prove that dating apps cause these problems. People with poor body image or mental health may be simply more likely to use dating apps.
How dating apps harm body image & mental health
Dating apps focus heavily on photos, making looks the main factor in deciding matches. This can lead users to value themselves based on appearance rather than personality, causing body image issues. Second is rejection, whether through a lack of matches, being ignored, or facing discrimination, which can lower self-esteem and increase stress. The swipe-and-match system also makes these apps addictive, making it hard to take breaks.
What can be done
To reduce harm, app developers should highlight interests and values, not just photos, and improve moderation to prevent abuse. Users can choose profile pictures that reflect their personality, engage in positive conversations, block negative interactions, and take breaks when needed. While dating apps have downsides, they can still boost confidence and help people connect when used mindfully.
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