Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar has stepped down from his post, citing health concerns. His resignation, tendered to President Droupadi Murmu, takes effect immediately, leaving a sudden vacancy in the country’s second-highest constitutional office. Dhankhar, who took office in August 2022, served for just under three years of his five-year term.

A former Governor of West Bengal and an experienced politician with decades of public service, Dhankhar’s mid-term exit has caught the attention of political observers and constitutional experts alike. While such resignations are not unprecedented, they are certainly uncommon, especially given the crucial responsibilities associated with the role of the Vice President, particularly as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha.

What does the Constitution say?

As per Article 67(a) of the Indian Constitution, the Vice President can resign from office by submitting a written notice to the President. Upon acceptance, the resignation takes immediate effect, and the post is considered vacant.

Article 68(1) further states that if a vacancy arises due to reasons such as resignation, death, or removal, the election to fill the position must be completed within six months. This ensures that the constitutional machinery continues uninterrupted.

Who takes charge in the interim?

Until a new Vice President is elected, the Deputy Chairman of the Rajya Sabha steps in to perform the duties of the Vice President, specifically in their role as the Chairman of the Upper House. This ensures continuity in legislative functioning, especially when the Parliament is in session or set to reconvene.

How is the new Vice President elected?

The Vice President of India is elected through an indirect election by an electoral college consisting of members from both Houses of Parliament. The voting is conducted via a secret ballot under the system of proportional representation with a single transferable vote.

In the wake of Dhankhar’s resignation, the Election Commission of Indiais expected to announce the schedule for the upcoming Vice Presidential election soon. Political parties will likely begin their internal discussions and candidate deliberations, as the role of the Vice President is not just ceremonial, it holds significance in shaping the legislative process, especially in the Rajya Sabha.