A subterranean upsurge beneath the Earth's surface, ongoing since late last year, has established a new record for magma flow rate, leading authorities in Iceland to declare a state of emergency. The region is grappling with its third volcanic fissure eruption since December. Scientists are examining various volcanic systems spread across the peninsula.

Dr. Dave McGarvie from Lancaster University explains that in the previous cycle, initial eruptions occurred in eastern systems and moved westward sporadically. However, this time, the first eruptions in 2021 took place in a system more centrally located on the peninsula. Strangely, this system now appears completely dormant, with no clear signs of magma accumulation underneath. It remains uncertain whether this is a temporary situation or a permanent shift, suggesting it may not erupt again in this cycle.

The most recent eruptions, starting in December, are now observed in a neighbouring system slightly further west. The latest eruption, commencing around 6 a.m. local time, has already impacted roads and structures, causing damage to a pipe supplying hot water for tens of thousands of locals. The volcanic activity has also resulted in a 3000-meter crack extending from Sundhnúk to Stóra-Scogfell, with eruption plumes reaching a height of 3000 meters, as reported by the Icelandic Met Office.