Bhojshala complex in Madhya Pradesh built from temple remains: ASI survey

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has submitted a detailed report to the Indore High Court regarding the Bhojshala complex in Madhya Pradesh’s Dhar. The report, submitted on July 15, reveals that the current structure was constructed using parts of pre-existing temples, shedding new light on the historical and cultural significance of the site.

The ASI’s scientific investigation, which began on March 22 and concluded on April 29, aimed to uncover the origins and history of the Bhojshala complex. The ASI’s team used advanced scientific methods and techniques to examine the site’s architecture and artifacts. The report indicates that the structure dates back to the Paramara period, a historically significant era in Indian history known for its architectural and cultural achievements.

According to the ASI, the pillars and other architectural elements of the complex are consistent with temple designs from the Paramara period. The investigation revealed remains of a pre-existing temple, including sculptures and idols of Hindu gods such as Vishnu, Ganesha, Brahma, and Bhairava. These findings suggest that the site was originally a Hindu temple complex before being converted into a mosque. Many of these images had been defaced, as human and animal figures are not permitted in Islamic places of worship.

The ASI also discovered numerous large inscriptions in Sanskrit and Prakrit, which predate the Arabic and Persian inscriptions found at the site. These inscriptions include invocations to Hindu deities, such as “Om Namah Shivay” and “Om Sarasvityanamah,” indicating the presence of Hindu worship practices at the site. The ASI noted that the Sanskrit and Prakrit inscriptions are older than the Arabic ones, suggesting that the site was used for Hindu worship before it became a mosque.

Historical Dispute Over the Bhojshala Complex

The Bhojshala complex has long been a point of contention between the Hindu and Muslim communities. Hindus believe the site to be a temple dedicated to Goddess Vagdevi (Saraswati), while Muslims claim it as the Kamal Maula mosque. This historical dispute has led to tensions and legal battles over the site’s ownership and usage.

In 2003, a compromise was reached to address the conflicting claims. According to this arrangement, Hindus are allowed to perform puja at the complex on Tuesdays from sunrise to sunset, while Muslims are permitted to offer namaz on Fridays between 1 and 3 pm. Despite this agreement, the underlying tensions have persisted, and the ASI’s recent findings are likely to reignite debates over the site’s rightful status.

The ASI’s findings provide substantial evidence of the site’s origins as a Hindu temple, potentially reshaping the historical understanding of the Bhojshala-Kamal Maula Masjid complex. The report underscores the complex cultural and religious history of the site, highlighting its significance to both communities. The discovery of ancient Hindu inscriptions and idols adds a new dimension to the ongoing dispute, emphasizing the need for a thoughtful and inclusive approach to resolving the conflict.

As the legal and cultural discussions continue, the ASI’s report serves as a crucial document that offers insights into the rich historical tapestry of the Bhojshala complex. It is a reminder of India’s diverse heritage and the importance of preserving and respecting the historical narratives of all communities involved. The findings may pave the way for a more informed and balanced dialogue about the site’s future, fostering a deeper understanding and appreciation of its multifaceted history.

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