Researchers discovered evidence that suggests copper pollution occurred during the construction of Egypt's famous Giza pyramids. A recent study emphasizes this example of metal pollution throughout history. A group of geochemists from Aix Marseille University in France began their investigation in 2019 by drilling at Khufu's harbour, the port associated with the pharaohs Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure. They employed techniques to examine soil samples for copper along with other metals, like aluminium, iron and titanium.

Ancient Egyptian Pyramid
Image Source: National Geographic

Impact of Metal Pollution on Workers: Insights from the Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Era

The findings reveal that contamination commenced around 3265 BCE indicating that the site was settled 200 years earlier than previously believed. By 1000 BCE after its period the levels of contamination had notably diminished.

Researcher Alain Véron pointed out that the elevated copper concentrations, 5 to 6 times higher than levels, suggest a thriving tool manufacturing industry during that era. Tools such as blades, chisels and drills used in pyramid construction may have contributed to this contamination.

The finding of arsenic, a metallic element used for metal strengthening, in the samples supports the theory that these tools were made on-site, exposing workers to high quantities of metals. This pioneering study sheds light on the lives of the architects who created one of the World's Seven Wonders while emphasizing the historical consequences of practices on worker well-being.

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